Author guidelines

Anonymisation

Europe and the World: A law review operates double anonymised peer review, where both the reviewers and authors are anonymised to each other during review. Authors should submit an anonymous version of the manuscript, stripped of all identifying

references to the author(s) for peer review. Authors should submit their manuscript as:

1. The complete manuscript not blinded, as a word file (.doc/.docx, etc.) and;
2. An anonymous PDF version of the manuscript, stripped of all identifying references to the author(s) for peer review (anonymisation includes references to authors, acknowledgements, self-references, and any electronic author identification., etc.) Manuscripts may be returned before peer review if manuscripts are not sufficiently anonymised.

Formatting

It makes a huge difference to the ease of production if you read and adhere to the author guidelines when preparing your manuscript. If your submission does not follow these guidelines it may be returned to you for modification.

1. Title page
   The title page must be a single page and attached a the manuscripts first page and include all of the information below, in the same order. No further information should be included:
   
   
   1. Title of the manuscript
   2. Full name(s) of contributing authors including their institutions/affiliation and address, and their institutional email address (including ORCiD ID’s - see below note on ORCiD).
   3. The corresponding author(s) should be clearly identified and include their contact email address (normally this will be your university email address).
      
      
2. Abstract
   Present the abstract as an overview of your article (up to 250 words), giving a summary of the contents and major themes. (Note that this will ultimately be used by search engines, and it will form part of the meta-data that will be seen first by people searching your article.)
   
   
3. Keywords
   All articles must list a maximum of up to ten key words.
   
   
4. Main text
   The body of the submission should be structured in a logical and easy to follow manner. A clear introduction section should provide non-specialists in the subject with an understanding of the topic and a background to the issue(s) involved. Methods, results, discussion and conclusion sections may then follow to clearly detail the information and research being presented.
   
   
5. Headings and sub-headings
   Up to three level headings may be present and must be clearly identifiable using different font sizes, bold or italics. We suggest using Headings 1, 2 and 3 in MS-Word’s ‘Style’ section.
   
   
6. Notes
   The citation system used by this publication, requires the use of endnotes and a bibliography. Use endnotes rather than footnotes, for any additional notes and information. These appear at the end of the main text, before References. All notes should be used only where crucial clarifying information needs to be conveyed.
   
   
7. Funding and Acknowledgement statements
   1. Funding: All sources of funding for the research reported should be declared, including any project and grant codes and details.
   2. Acknowledgements: mentions everyone whose contribution to the work you wish to recognise.
      
      
8. Declarations and conflicts of interest statements
   Clearly state the following in the article as sub-headings:
   
   
   1. Conflicts of interest
      Clearly declare any possible conflicts of interest, including but not limited to financial and non-financial competing interests. Where there are no conflicts of interests or competing interests, authors must clearly declare this under the same heading. For further information, please refer to the journal’s Editorial Policy at https://journals.uclpress.co.uk/site/editorial_policy.
      
      
   2. Ethics approval
      Authors are required to show in their articles that they have received ethical approval for their research from all relevant institutional review boards and that they have followed appropriate personal data protection regulations (e.g. EU General Data Protection Regulation and the UK Data Protection Act 2018) in the handling of personal data. Where such committees do not operate, authors are responsible for providing evidence of their adherence to relevant ethical guidelines for the subject. Where ethics approval is not applicable (e.g. due to the type of article) please indicate this as "N/A".
      
      
   3. Consent for publication
      For all articles involving human subjects, including any images, videos, and any other personal and identifiable information, authors must have secured informed consent to participate in the study and to publication before submitting to the journal, and a statement declaring this must be included in the article. Where consent for publication is not applicable (e.g. no such data is included) please indicate this as "N/A".
      
      
9. Data and supporting Information (including supplementary information and appendices, see below)
   


10. References/bibliography
    A full references list should contain all the sources cited in the text.

Data and supporting information

Data or information should not be submitted as supplementary information alongside the manuscript, but instead be included in the manuscript that forms part of the paper or deposited into a publicly available repository, depending on the type of data or information concerned. Where supporting information is included in the article that has no persistent identifier (for example, a Google survey), authors may be requested to deposit the information into a relevant data repository to ensure persistent access, have it registered to a DOI, and cite the DOI in the article.

Referencing style

Europe and the World: A law review complies with The Oxford University Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities (OSCOLA), available at: https://www.law.ox.ac.uk/oscola.

Do not use full stops in abbreviations. Separate citations with a semi-colon.

Primary sources

Cases

Give the party names, followed by the neutral citation, followed by the Law Reports citation (e.g. AC, Ch, QB). If there is no neutral citation, give the Law Reports citation followed by the court in brackets. If the case is not reported in the Law Reports, cite the All ER or the WLR, or failing that a specialist report. 

Corr v IBC Vehicles Ltd [2008] UKHL 13, [2008] 1 AC 884

R (Roberts) v Parole Board [2004] EWCA Civ 1031, [2005] QB 410

Page v Smith [1996] AC 155 (HL) 

When pinpointing, give paragraph numbers in square brackets at the end of the citation. If the judgment has no paragraph numbers, provide the page number pinpoint after the court. 

Callery v Gray [2001] EWCA Civ 1117, [2001] 1 WLR 2112 [42], [45]

Bunt v Tilley [2006] EWHC 407 (QB), [2006] 3 All ER 336 [1]–[37]

R v Leeds County Court, ex p Morris [1990] QB 523 (QB) 530–31 

If citing a particular judge:

Arscott v The Coal Authority [2004] EWCA Civ 892, [2005] Env LR 6 [27] (Laws LJ) 

Statutes and statutory instruments 

Act of Supremacy 1558

Human Rights Act 1998, s 15(1)(b)

Penalties for Disorderly Behaviour (Amendment of Minimum Age) Order 2004, SI 2004/3166 

EU legislation and cases 

Consolidated Version of the Treaty on European Union [2008] OJ C115/13

Council Regulation (EC) 139/2004 on the control of concentrations between undertakings (EC Merger Regulation) [2004] OJ L24/1, art 5

Case C–176/03 Commission v Council [2005] ECR I–7879, paras 47–48 

European Court of Human Rights 

Omojudi v UK (2009) 51 EHRR 10

Osman v UK ECHR 1998–VIII 3124

Balogh v Hungary App no 47940/99 (ECHR, 20 July 2004) 

Secondary sources 

Books 

Give the author’s name in the same form as in the publication, except in bibliographies, where you should give only the surname followed by the initial(s). Give relevant information about editions, translators and so forth before the publisher, and give page numbers at the end of the citation, after the brackets.

Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan (first published 1651, Penguin 1985) 268

Gareth Jones, Goff and Jones: The Law of Restitution (1st supp, 7th edn, Sweet & Maxwell 2009)

K Zweigert and H Kötz, An Introduction to Comparative Law (Tony Weir tr, 3rd edn, OUP 1998) 

Contributions to edited books 

Francis Rose, ‘The Evolution of the Species’ in Andrew Burrows and Alan Rodger (eds), Mapping the Law: Essays in Memory of Peter Birks (OUP 2006) 

Encyclopaedias 

Halsbury’s Laws (5th edn, 2010) vol 57, para 53 

Periodicals (print journals)

Paul Craig, ‘Theory, “Pure Theory” and Values in Public Law’ [2005] PL 440 

When pinpointing, put a comma between the first page of the article and the page pinpoint. 

JAG Griffith, ‘The Common Law and the Political Constitution’ (2001) 117 LQR 42, 64

Periodicals (online journals)

Graham Greenleaf, ‘The Global Development of Free Access to Legal Information’ (2010) 1(1) EJLT < http://ejlt.org//article/view/17 > accessed 27 July 2010 

Command papers and Law Commission reports 

Department for International Development, Eliminating World Poverty: Building our Common

Future (White Paper, Cm 7656, 2009) ch 5

Law Commission, Reforming Bribery (Law Com No 313, 2008) paras 3.12–3.17 

Websites and blogs 

Sarah Cole, ‘Virtual Friend Fires Employee’ (Naked Law, 1 May 2009) <www.nakedlaw. com/2009/05/index.html> accessed 19 November 2009 

Newspaper articles 

Jane Croft, ‘Supreme Court Warns on Quality’ Financial Times (London, 1 July 2010) 3

House style

Spelling

• Authors should consistently adopt British spelling conventions (except in quotations from other sources, where the spelling convention of the original should be retained, or where stipulated specifically in by the journal – for example World Health Organization).  

Punctuation

• Systems should consistently follow British conventions (except in quotations from other sources, where the punctuation convention of the original should be retained). British style uses single inverted commas, except for quotations within quotations (which have double inverted commas).
• Punctuation should follow closing inverted commas (except for grammatically complete sentences beginning with a capital).
• Punctuation should precede closing quotation marks (except for dashes, colons and semicolons, unless these are part of the quoted matter).

Hyphenation

• Please consult the Oxford English Dictionary (OED) for guidance. Hyphenation must be used consistently throughout your text. 

Contractions and abbreviations

• If you need to use them please write in full at the first appearance with the abbreviation in brackets. You may repeat an abbreviation if it reappears later in your article.
• Abbreviations are usually expressed without full stops, e.g. GNP, USA, PhD
• British style contractions will have no full points (e.g. Mr, St, edn), though abbreviated words, which do not end with their final letter, will (e.g. vol., vols., ed., eds.) 

Capitalisation

• Keep capitalisation to a minimum and use only for proper nouns and formal names of organisations, etc.

Numbers and dates

• Spell out numbers up to but not including 10.
• Elide numbers to minimum digits, e.g. 233-4; dates, e.g. 1993-4. Do not elide in titles and headings.
• Centuries should be written as words not numbers, e.g. eighteenth century. Hyphenate if used as an adjective, e.g. eighteenth-century masterpiece.
• Dates as British usage: 18 August 2015.

Quotations

• Quotations should be indicated by single quotation marks but use double quotation marks for quotations within quotations.
• Indent quotations of more than 50 words.
• Quotations should remain exactly as they are in the original.

Acceptable language

• Please be sensitive in use of terms that might cause offence or be interpreted as racist or sexist; for example, avoid gender-specific pronouns where possible.

ORCiD

ORCiD helps researchers record and report their work by providing researchers with a personal unique identifier that can be kept throughout their career. UCL Press journals now implement ORCiD in publications and authors are encouraged to register with ORCiD and enter their ORCiD details into their submission as a URL link or ORCiD number. To register, follow the instructions on the ORCiD web pages at https://orcid.org.

Revisions

Should your manuscript be requested for revision to raise the acceptability for publication in the journal, please ensure that you follow below points when revising your manuscript and responding to peer review comments. Please provide your timely revisions along with a response letter to any reviewer reports, within the specified revision period to the Editor as instructed in your revision request email. Namely:

• You should aim to address all points raised by the editor and reviewers, preferably sequentially and in a bullet point list.
• Outline what revisions you made to your manuscript in your response letter.
• Where applicable, perform any additional analyses or experiments the reviewers recommend (unless you feel that they would not make your paper better; if this is the case, explain why in your response letter).
• Provide a polite objective rebuttal to any points or comments you disagree with.

Clearly show and/or highlight the revisions you have made in the text. This can be accommodated by making use of either a different colour text, highlighting the text, or by using Microsoft Word's Track Changes function.